如何在 MongoDB 中查找满足条件的单个文档?
mongodbdatabasebig data analytics更新于 2026/2/14 0:37:17
要查找单个文档，请使用 MongoDB 中的 findOne() 方法。让我们创建一个包含文档的集合。 −
> db.demo116.insertOne({"EmployeeId":101,"EmployeeName":"John"});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5e2eff98d8f64a552dae635b")
}
> db.demo116.insertOne({"EmployeeId":102,"EmployeeName":"Bob"});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5e2eff9fd8f64a552dae635c")
}
> db.demo116.insertOne({"EmployeeId":103,"EmployeeName":"David"});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5e2effa5d8f64a552dae635d")
}
> db.demo116.insertOne({"EmployeeId":102,"EmployeeName":"Mike"});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5e2effb7d8f64a552dae635e")
}
借助 find() 方法显示集合中的所有文档 −
> db.demo116.find();
这将产生以下输出 −
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e2eff98d8f64a552dae635b"), "EmployeeId" : 101, "EmployeeName" : "John" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e2eff9fd8f64a552dae635c"), "EmployeeId" : 102, "EmployeeName" : "Bob" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e2effa5d8f64a552dae635d"), "EmployeeId" : 103, "EmployeeName" : "David" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e2effb7d8f64a552dae635e"), "EmployeeId" : 102, "EmployeeName" : "Mike" }
以下是在 MongoDB 中查找单个文档的查询 −
> db.demo116.findOne({"EmployeeId":102});
这将产生以下输出 −
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5e2eff9fd8f64a552dae635c"),
"EmployeeId" : 102,
"EmployeeName" : "Bob"
}
