如何使用 JDBC 将数据插入带有自增列的表中?
jdbcobject oriented programmingprogramming更新于 2025/4/29 11:22:17
将数据插入带有自增列的表中时，只需保留该特定列，然后使用以下 INSERT 语句语法指定其余列即可插入其余值 −
INSERT into table_name (column_name1, column_name2....) values(value1, value2....)
示例
让我们在 MySQL 数据库中创建一个名为 sales 的表，其中一列为自增列，使用如下所示的 CREATE 语句 −
CREATE TABLE Sales( ID INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, ProductName VARCHAR (20), CustomerName VARCHAR (20), DispatchDate date, DeliveryTime time, Price INT, Location VARCHAR(20) );
以下 JDBC 程序与数据库建立连接，并在销售表中插入 5 条记录 −
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Time;
public class InsertingData_AutoIncrement {
public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
//注册驱动程序
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
//获取连接
String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/sample_database";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
System.out.println("Connection established......");
//查询以将值插入到 sales 表
String insertQuery = "INSERT INTO Sales (ProductName, CustomerName, DispatchDate, DeliveryTime, Price, Location) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
//创建PreparedStatement对象
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(insertQuery);
pstmt.setString(1, "Key-Board");
pstmt.setString(2, "Raja");
pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1567315800000L));
pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1567315800000L));
pstmt.setInt(5, 7000);
pstmt.setString(6, "Hyderabad");
pstmt.execute();
pstmt.setString(1, "Earphones");
pstmt.setString(2, "Roja");
pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1556688600000L));
pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1556688600000L));
pstmt.setInt(5, 2000);
pstmt.setString(6, "Vishakhapatnam");
pstmt.execute();
pstmt.setString(1, "Mouse");
pstmt.setString(2, "Puja");
pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1551418199000L));
pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1551418199000L));
pstmt.setInt(5, 3000);
pstmt.setString(6, "Vijayawada");
pstmt.execute();
pstmt.setString(1, "Mobile");
pstmt.setString(2, "Vanaja");
pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1551415252000L));
pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1551415252000L));
pstmt.setInt(5, 9000);
pstmt.setString(6, "Chennai");
pstmt.execute();
pstmt.setString(1, "Headset");
pstmt.setString(2, "Jalaja");
pstmt.setDate(3, new Date(1554529139000L));
pstmt.setTime(4, new Time(1554529139000L));
pstmt.setInt(5, 6000);
pstmt.setString(6, "Goa");
pstmt.execute();
System.out.println("Records inserted......");
}
}
输出
Connection established...... Records inserted......
验证
如果您使用 SELECT 语句验证 Sales 表的内容，则可以看到插入的记录如下 −
mysql> select * from sales; +----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+ | ID | ProductName | CustomerName | DispatchDate | DeliveryTime | Price | Location | +----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+ | 1 | Key-Board | Raja | 2019-09-01 | 11:00:00 | 7000 | Hyderabad | | 2 | Earphones | Roja | 2019-05-01 | 11:00:00 | 2000 | Vishakhapatnam| | 3 | Mouse | Puja | 2019-03-01 | 10:59:59 | 3000 | Vijayawada | | 4 | Mobile | Vanaja | 2019-03-01 | 10:10:52 | 9000 | Chennai | | 5 | Headset | Jalaja | 2019-04-06 | 11:08:59 | 6000 | Goa | +----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
