如何在 MongoDB 中保持两列的唯一性?
mongodbdatabasebig data analytics
使用 unique 并将其设置为 TRUE。让我们通过创建索引并将两列的值设置为 unique 来实现这一点。
>db.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo.createIndex({"StudentFirstName":1,"StudentLastName":1},{unique:true});
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : true,
"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
"ok" : 1
}
现在您可以向上述集合中插入文档−
>db.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo.insertOne({"StudentFirstName":"John","StudentLastName":"Smith","StudentAge":21});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5cd30fd7b64f4b851c3a13e5")
}
>db.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo.insertOne({"StudentFirstName":"John","StudentLastName":"Doe","StudentAge":23});
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedId" : ObjectId("5cd30fe5b64f4b851c3a13e6")
}
>db.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo.insertOne({"StudentFirstName":"John","StudentLastName":"Smith","StudentAge":24});
2019-05-08T22:50:42.803+0530 E QUERY [js] WriteError: E11000 duplicate key error collection: sample.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo index: StudentFirstName_1_StudentLastName_1 dup key: { : "John", : "Smith" } :
WriteError({
"index" : 0,
"code" : 11000,
"errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: sample.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo index: StudentFirstName_1_StudentLastName_1 dup key: { : \"John\", : \"Smith\" }",
"op" : {
"_id" : ObjectId("5cd30feab64f4b851c3a13e7"),
"StudentFirstName" : "John",
"StudentLastName" : "Smith",
"StudentAge" : 24
}
})
WriteError@src/mongo/shell/bulk_api.js:461:48
Bulk/mergeBatchResults@src/mongo/shell/bulk_api.js:841:49
Bulk/executeBatch@src/mongo/shell/bulk_api.js:906:13
Bulk/this.execute@src/mongo/shell/bulk_api.js:1150:21
DBCollection.prototype.insertOne@src/mongo/shell/crud_api.js:252:9
@(shell):1:1
由于我们上面将两列的值都设置为唯一，而现在我们试图包含重复值，因此会出现以下错误 -
duplicate key error collection
以下是使用 find() 方法显示集合中的所有文档的查询 −
> db.keepTwoColumnsUniqueDemo.find().pretty();
这将产生以下输出 −
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5cd30fd7b64f4b851c3a13e5"),
"StudentFirstName" : "John",
"StudentLastName" : "Smith",
"StudentAge" : 21
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5cd30fe5b64f4b851c3a13e6"),
"StudentFirstName" : "John",
"StudentLastName" : "Doe",
"StudentAge" : 23
}
