如何在 Python Pandas 中使用字典顺序切片选择数据子集?
pythonserver side programmingprogramming更新于 2026/2/16 21:32:17
简介
Pandas 具有双重选择功能,可以使用索引位置或索引标签选择数据子集。在这篇文章中,我将向您展示如何"使用字典顺序切片选择数据子集"。
Google 上有很多数据集。在 kaggle.com 中搜索电影数据集。这篇文章使用来自 kaggle 的电影数据集。
如何操作
1.导入仅包含本示例所需列的电影数据集。
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
movies = pd.read_csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sasankac/TestDataSet/master/movies_data.csv",index_col="title",
usecols=["title","budget","vote_average","vote_count"])
movies.sample(n=5)
| title | budget | vote_average | vote_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Little Voice | 0 | 6.6 | 61 |
| Grown Ups 2 | 80000000 | 5.8 | 1155 |
| The Best Years of Our Lives | 2100000 | 7.6 | 143 |
| Tusk | 2800000 | 5.1 | 366 |
| Operation Chromite | 0 | 5.8 | 29 |
2. 我始终建议对索引进行排序,尤其是当索引由字符串组成时。如果您在索引排序后处理大量数据集,您会注意到差异。
如果我不对索引进行排序会怎样?
没问题,您的代码将永远运行。开个玩笑,如果索引标签未排序,那么 pandas 必须逐一遍历所有标签才能匹配您的查询。想象一下没有索引页的牛津词典,您打算怎么做?索引排序后,您可以快速跳转到要提取的标签,Pandastoo 也是如此。
首先让我们检查索引是否已排序。
# 检查索引是否已排序? movies.index.is_monotonic False
3. 显然,索引未排序。我们将尝试选择以 A% 开头的电影。这就像写
select * from movies where title like'A%'
movies.loc["Aa":"Bb"]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueErrorTraceback (most recent call last)
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_slice_bound(self, labe l, side, kind)
4844try:
-> 4845return self._searchsorted_monotonic(label, side) 4846except ValueError:
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in _searchsorted_monotonic(se lf, label, side)
4805
-> 4806raise ValueError("index must be monotonic increasing or decreasing")
4807
ValueError: index must be monotonic increasing or decreasing
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
KeyErrorTraceback (most recent call last)
in
----> 1 movies.loc["Aa": "Bb"]
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexing.py in getitem (self, key)
1766
1767maybe_callable = com.apply_if_callable(key, self.obj)
-> 1768return self._getitem_axis(maybe_callable, axis=axis) 1769
1770def _is_scalar_access(self, key: Tuple):
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexing.py in _getitem_axis(self, key, axis)
1910if isinstance(key, slice):
1911self._validate_key(key, axis)
-> 1912return self._get_slice_axis(key, axis=axis) 1913elif com.is_bool_indexer(key):
1914return self._getbool_axis(key, axis=axis)
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexing.py in _get_slice_axis(self, slice_ob j, axis)
1794
1795labels = obj._get_axis(axis)
-> 1796indexer = labels.slice_indexer(
1797slice_obj.start, slice_obj.stop, slice_obj.step, kind=self.name 1798)
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in slice_indexer(self, start, end, step, kind)
4711slice(1, 3)
4712"""
-> 4713start_slice, end_slice = self.slice_locs(start, end, step=step, kind=ki nd)
4714
4715# return a slice
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in slice_locs(self, start, en d, step, kind)
4924start_slice = None
4925if start is not None:
-> 4926start_slice = self.get_slice_bound(start, "left", kind) 4927if start_slice is None:
4928start_slice = 0
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_slice_bound(self, labe l, side, kind)
4846except ValueError:
4847# raise the original KeyError
-> 4848raise err
4849
4850if isinstance(slc, np.ndarray):
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_slice_bound(self, labe l, side, kind)
4840# we need to look up the label
4841try:
-> 4842slc = self.get_loc(label) 4843except KeyError as err:
4844try:
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_loc(self, key, method,
tolerance)
2646return self._engine.get_loc(key)
2647except KeyError:
-> 2648return self._engine.get_loc(self._maybe_cast_indexer(key))
2649indexer = self.get_indexer([key], method=method, tolerance=tolerance) 2650if indexer.ndim > 1 or indexer.size > 1:
pandas\_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine.get_loc() pandas\_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine.get_loc()
pandas\_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine._get_loc_duplicates()
pandas\_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine._maybe_get_bool_indexer() KeyError: 'Aa'
4. 按升序对索引进行排序,并尝试使用相同的命令来利用排序进行字典切片。
True
5. 现在我们的数据已设置好并准备进行字典切片。现在让我们选择以字母 A 开头到字母 B 的所有电影标题。
| title | budget | vote_average | vote_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abandon | 25000000 | 4.6 | 45 |
| Abandoned | 0 | 5.8 | 27 |
| Abduction | 35000000 | 5.6 | 961 |
| Aberdeen | 0 | 7.0 | 6 |
| About Last Night | 12500000 | 6.0 | 210 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
| Battle for the Planet of the Apes | 1700000 | 5.5 | 215 |
| Battle of the Year | 20000000 | 5.9 | 88 |
| Battle: Los Angeles | 70000000 | 5.5 | 1448 |
| Battlefield Earth | 44000000 | 3.0 | 255 |
| Battleship | 209000000 | 5.5 | 2114 |
| title | budget | vote_average | vote_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Æon Flux | 62000000 | 5.4 | 703 |
| xXx: State of the Union | 60000000 | 4.7 | 549 |
| xXx | 70000000 | 5.8 | 1424 |
| eXistenZ | 15000000 | 6.7 | 475 |
| [REC]² | 5600000 | 6.4 | 489 |
budget vote_average vote_count title
由于数据是按相反顺序排序的,因此很容易看到空的 DataFrame。让我们反转字母并再次运行。
| title | budget | vote_average | vote_count |
|---|---|---|---|
| B-Girl | 0 | 5.5 | 7 |
| Ayurveda: Art of Being | 300000 | 5.5 | 3 |
| Away We Go | 17000000 | 6.7 | 189 |
| Awake | 86000000 | 6.3 | 395 |
| Avengers: Age of Ultron | 280000000 | 7.3 | 6767 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
| About Last Night | 12500000 | 6.0 | 210 |
| Aberdeen | 0 | 7.0 | 6 |
| Abduction | 35000000 | 5.6 | 961 |
| Abandoned | 0 | 5.8 | 27 |
| Abandon | 25000000 | 4.6 | 45 |
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有用资源
python 参考教程 - 该教程包含有关 python 的更多信息:https://www.cainiaomax.com/python/

