Jasper 报告 - 查看和打印报告

可以使用内置查看器组件查看报告填充过程的输出 JasperPrint 对象，也可以将其打印或导出为更流行的文档格式，如 PDF、HTML、RTF、XLS、ODT、CSV 或 XML。本章将讨论 Jasper 文档的查看和打印，下一章将讨论导出，即 "导出报告"。

查看报告

JasperReport 提供了一个内置查看器，用于以原始格式查看生成的报告。它是一个基于 swing 的组件，其他 Java 应用程序可以集成此组件，而无需将文档导出为其他格式才能查看或打印。net.sf.jasperreports.view.JRViewer 类代表此可视化组件。此类还可以根据应用程序需求通过子类化进行定制。

JasperReports 还有一个 Swing 应用程序，它使用可视化组件来查看报告。此应用程序有助于以与生成的 *.jrprint 相同的格式查看报告。此 Swing 应用程序在类 net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer 中实现。要使用此类查看报告，我们需要将其包装到 ANT 目标中。

查看生成的报告

以下示例演示 − 如何使用 JasperViewer 类 − 查看报告

让我们编写一个报告模板。JRXML 文件 (C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\jasper_report_template.jrxml) 的内容如下所示 −

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN"
   "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd">

<jasperReport xmlns = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports
   http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd"
   name = "jasper_report_template" language = "groovy" pageWidth = "595"
   pageHeight = "842" columnWidth = "555" leftMargin = "20" rightMargin = "20"
   topMargin = "20" bottomMargin = "20">

   <queryString>
      <![CDATA[]]>
   </queryString>
   
   <field name = "country" class = "java.lang.String">
      <fieldDescription><![CDATA[country]]></fieldDescription>
   </field>
   
   <field name = "name" class = "java.lang.String">
      <fieldDescription><![CDATA[name]]></fieldDescription>
   </field>
   
   <columnHeader>
      <band height = "23">
         
         <staticText>
            <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "3" 
               width = "535" height = "15" backcolor = "#70A9A9" />
            
            <box>
               <bottomPen lineWidth = "1.0" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" />
            </box>
            
            <textElement />
            <text><![CDATA[]]> </text>
         </staticText>
         
         <staticText>
            <reportElement x = "414" y = "3" width = "121" height = "15" />
            
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font isBold = "true" />
            </textElement>
            <text><![CDATA[Country]]></text>
         </staticText>
         
         <staticText>
            <reportElement x = "0" y = "3" width = "136" height = "15" />
            
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font isBold = "true" />
            </textElement>
            <text><![CDATA[Name]]></text>
         </staticText>
      
      </band>
   </columnHeader>
   
   <detail>
      <band height = "16">
         
         <staticText>
            <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "0" 
               width = "535" height = "14" backcolor = "#E5ECF9" />
            
            <box>
               <bottomPen lineWidth = "0.25" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" />
            </box>
            
            <textElement />
            <text><![CDATA[]]> </text>
         </staticText>
         
         <textField>
            <reportElement x = "414" y = "0" width = "121" height = "15" />
            
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font size = "9" />
            </textElement>
            
            <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String">
               <![CDATA[$F{country}]]>
            </textFieldExpression>
         </textField>
         
         <textField>
            <reportElement x = "0" y = "0" width = "136" height = "15" />
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle" />
            
            <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String">
               <![CDATA[$F{name}]]>
            </textFieldExpression>
         </textField>
      
      </band>
   </detail>
	
</jasperReport>

接下来，让我们将 Java 数据对象 (Java bean) 集合传递给 JasperReports Engine，以填充此编译报告。

编写一个 POJO DataBean.java，它表示数据对象 (Java bean)。此类定义两个 String 对象，即"name"和"country"。将其保存到目录 C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com.tutorialspoint。

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class DataBean {
   private String name;
   private String country;

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }

   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }

   public String getCountry() {
      return country;
   }

   public void setCountry(String country) {
      this.country = country;
   }
}

编写一个 DataBeanList.java 类，该类具有业务逻辑，用于生成 java bean 对象集合。这将进一步传递给 JasperReports 引擎，以生成报告。在这里，我们在列表中添加了 4 个 DataBean 对象。将其保存到目录 C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com.tutorialspoint。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class DataBeanList {
   public ArrayList<DataBean> getDataBeanList() {
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataBeanList = new ArrayList<DataBean>();

      dataBeanList.add(produce("Manisha", "India"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("Dennis Ritchie", "USA"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("V.Anand", "India"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("Shrinath", "California"));

      return dataBeanList;
   }

   /**
    * This method returns a DataBean object,
    * with name and country set in it.
    */
   private DataBean produce(String name, String country) {
      DataBean dataBean = new DataBean();
      dataBean.setName(name);
      dataBean.setCountry(country);
      
      return dataBean;
   }
}

编写一个主类文件JasperReportFill.java，从类中获取 java bean 集合(DataBeanList)并将其传递给 JasperReports 引擎，以填充报告模板。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com.tutorialspoint。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource;

public class JasperReportFill {
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String sourceFileName = 
         "c://tools/jasperreports-5.0.1/test/jasper_report_template.jasper";
      DataBeanList DataBeanList = new DataBeanList();
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataList = DataBeanList.getDataBeanList();

      JRBeanCollectionDataSource beanColDataSource = new 
         JRBeanCollectionDataSource(dataList);

      Map parameters = new HashMap();
      try {
         JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile( 
            sourceFileName, parameters, beanColDataSource);
      } catch (JRException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

让我们将目标 viewFillReport 写入 build.xml 文件。build.xml 文件如下 −

导入文件 - baseBuild.xml 取自环境设置一章，应将其放在与 build.xml 相同的目录中。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project name = "JasperReportTest" default = "viewFillReport" basedir = ".">
   <import file = "baseBuild.xml"/>

   <target name = "viewFillReport" depends = "compile,compilereportdesing,run"
      description = "Launches the report viewer
      to preview the report stored in the .JRprint file.">
      
      <java classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer" fork = "true">
         <arg value = "-F${file.name}.JRprint" />
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </java>
   </target>
   
   <target name = "compilereportdesing" description = "Compiles the JXML file and
      produces the .jasper file.">
      
      <taskdef name = "jrc"
         classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.ant.JRAntCompileTask">
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </taskdef>
      
      <jrc destdir = ".">
         <src>
            <fileset dir = ".">
               <include name = "*.jrxml" />
            </fileset>
         </src>
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </jrc>
   
   </target>
	
</project>

接下来，让我们打开命令行窗口并转到 build.xml 所在的目录。最后，执行命令 ant -Dmain-class=com.tutorialspoint.JasperReportFill(viewFillReport 是默认目标)。结果，我们会看到 JasperViewer 窗口，如下图所示 −

打印报告

我们可以使用 net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrintManager 类打印 JasperReports 库生成的文档(以其专有格式，即 JasperPrint 对象)。这是一个依赖于 Java 2 Printing API 的外观类。一旦将 JasperReport 文档导出为其他格式(例如 HTML 或 PDF)，我们也可以打印文档。

打印生成的报告

以下代码演示了报告的打印。让我们更新现有的 JasperReportFill 类。我们将使用 JasperPrintManager.printReport() 方法。此方法将源文件名(此处我们传递 .jrprint 文件，该文件是我们在上一步中使用 JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile() 方法生成的)作为第一个参数。第二个参数是用于显示标准打印对话框的布尔值(我们在此处将其设置为 true)。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrintManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource;

public class JasperReportFill {
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String sourceFileName = "c://tools/jasperreports-5.0.1/" +
         "test/jasper_report_template.jasper";
      String printFileName = null;
      DataBeanList DataBeanList = new DataBeanList();
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataList = DataBeanList.getDataBeanList();

      JRBeanCollectionDataSource beanColDataSource = new 
         JRBeanCollectionDataSource(dataList);

      Map parameters = new HashMap();
      try {
    	   printFileName = JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile( 
            sourceFileName, parameters, beanColDataSource);
         if(printFileName != null){
            JasperPrintManager.printReport( printFileName, true);
         }
      } catch (JRException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

现在，让我们将此文件保存到目录 C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com.tutorialspoint。我们将使用 ANT 编译并执行此文件。build.xml 的内容如下所示 −

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project name = "JasperReportTest" default = "executereport" basedir = ".">
   <import file = "baseBuild.xml"/>

   <target name = "executereport" depends = "compile,compilereportdesing,run">
      <echo message = "Im here"/>
   </target>
   
   <target name = "compilereportdesing" description = "Compiles the JXML file and
      produces the .jasper file.">
      
      <taskdef name = "jrc"
         classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.ant.JRAntCompileTask">
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </taskdef>
      
      <jrc destdir = ".">
         <src>
            <fileset dir = ".">
               <include name = "*.jrxml" />
            </fileset>
         </src>
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </jrc>
		
   </target>
	
</project>

接下来我们打开命令提示符，进入build.xml所在的目录，最后执行命令ant -Dmain-class=com.tutorialspoint.JasperReportPrint，结果出现打印对话框，点击ok就可以打印文档了。