如何在 Android 中创建动画渐变背景。
在开始示例之前,我们应该了解什么是渐变色。根据维基百科,在计算机图形学中,颜色渐变(有时称为颜色坡道或颜色渐进)指定了一系列与位置相关的颜色,通常用于填充区域。例如,许多窗口管理器允许将屏幕背景指定为渐变。
此示例演示了如何在 Android 中创建动画渐变背景。
步骤 1 − 在 Android Studio 中创建一个新项目,转到"文件"->"新建项目",并填写所有必需的详细信息以创建新项目。
步骤 2 − 将以下代码添加到 res/layout/activity_main.xml。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id = "@+id/constraintLayout" android:layout_width = "match_parent" android:layout_height = "match_parent" android:background = "@drawable/gradient_animation " tools:context = ".MainActivity"> <!-- Your layout here --> <TextView android:layout_width = "368dp" android:layout_height = "520dp" android:layout_marginBottom = "8dp" android:layout_marginLeft = "8dp" android:layout_marginRight = "8dp" android:layout_marginTop = "8dp" android:gravity = "center" android:text = "@string/app_name" android:textAlignment = "center" android:textColor = "@android:color/background_light" android:textSize = "30sp" android:textStyle = "bold" app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf = "parent" app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf = "parent" app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf = "parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf = "parent" tools:text = "@string/app_name"/> </android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
在上面的代码中,我们在 drawable 中添加了背景作为 gradient_animation。现在在 drawable 文件夹中创建 gradient_animation.xml 并添加以下代码 -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <animation-list xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:drawable = "@drawable/drawable_purple_gradient" android:duration = "3000" /> <item android:drawable = "@drawable/drawable_amber_gradient" android:duration = "3000" /> <item android:drawable = "@drawable/drawable_green_gradient" android:duration = "3000" /> <item android:drawable = "@drawable/drawable_red_gradient" android:duration = "3000" /> </animation-list>
在上面的动画列表中,我们添加了 4 个子 Drawable,并为每个动画视图添加了持续时间。超时后,背景会发生变化。在 drawable_purple_gradient 中,包含紫色背景,因此在 drawable 文件夹中创建一个名为 drawable_purple_gradient.xml 的文件,并添加以下代码 -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <gradient android:angle = "90" android:endColor = "#D500F9" android:startColor = "#4A148C" /> </shape>
按照上述步骤,在 Drawable 文件夹中创建 drawable_amber_gradient.xml、drawable_green_gradient.xml 和 drawable_red_gradient.xml,并添加以下代码,如下所示 -
drawable_amber_gradient.xml-
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <gradient android:angle = "135" android:endColor = "#FFC400" android:startColor = "#FF6F00" /> </shape>
drawable_green_gradient.xml -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <gradient android:angle = "0" android:endColor = "#00E676" android:startColor = "#1B5E20"/> </shape>
drawable_red_gradient.xml -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <gradient android:angle = "45" android:endColor = "#FF1744" android:startColor = "#B71C1C" /> </shape>
步骤 3 − 将以下代码添加到 src/MainActivity.java-
package com.example.andy.myapplication;
import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
import android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private ConstraintLayout constraintLayout;
private AnimationDrawable animationDrawable;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
constraintLayout = (ConstraintLayout) findViewById(R.id.constraintLayout);
animationDrawable = (AnimationDrawable) constraintLayout.getBackground();
animationDrawable.setEnterFadeDuration(3000);
animationDrawable.setExitFadeDuration(2000);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if (animationDrawable ! = null && !animationDrawable.isRunning()) {
animationDrawable.start();
}
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
if (animationDrawable ! = null && animationDrawable.isRunning()) {
animationDrawable.stop();
}
}
}
让我们尝试运行您的应用程序。假设您已将实际的 Android 移动设备连接到电脑。要从 Android Studio 运行该应用程序,请打开项目的某个活动文件,然后点击工具栏上的"运行"
图标。选择您的移动设备作为选项,然后勾选将显示默认屏幕 − 的移动设备。



如上图所示,背景颜色每3秒变化一次。
点击此处下载项目代码

