MySQL - ENUM 枚举数据类型

要通过 JavaScript 程序创建枚举类型的列，我们需要使用 mysql2 库的 query() 函数执行"CREATE TABLE"语句，如下所示:-

sql = "CREATE TABLE STUDENTS (ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL, BRANCH ENUM ('CSE', 'ECE', 'MECH'), FEES int NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID) )";
con.query(sql);

要通过 Java 程序创建枚举类型的列，我们需要使用 JDBC 函数 execute() 执行"CREATE TABLE"语句，如下所示 -

String sql = "CREATE TABLE STUDENTS (ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL, BRANCH ENUM (\"CSE\", \"ECE\", \"MECH\"), FEES int NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID))";
statement.execute(sql);

要通过 Python 程序创建枚举数据类型的列，我们需要使用 MySQL Connector/Python 的 execute() 函数执行"CREATE TABLE"语句，如下所示 -

sql = 'CREATE TABLE STUDENTS( ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL, BRANCH ENUM ('CSE', 'ECE', 'MECH'), FEES int NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID) )'
cursorObj.execute(sql)

var mysql = require("mysql2");
var con = mysql.createConnection({
  host: "localhost",
  user: "root",
  password: "password",
}); //连接到 MySQL

con.connect(function (err) {
  if (err) throw err;
  //   console.log("Connected successfully...!");
  //   console.log("--------------------------");
  sql = "USE TUTORIALS";
  con.query(sql);
 //create a customers that accepts one column enum type.
  sql = "CREATE TABLE STUDENTS (ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL, BRANCH ENUM ('CSE', 'ECE', 'MECH'), FEES int NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID) )";
  con.query(sql);
 //将数据插入到创建的表中
  sql ="INSERT INTO STUDENTS (NAME, BRANCH, FEES) VALUES ('Anirudh', 'CSE', 500000),  ('Yuvan', 'ECE', 350000)";
  con.query(sql);
  //select datatypes of branch
  sql = `SELECT DATA_TYPE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = 'STUDENTS' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'BRANCH'`;
  con.query(sql, function (err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
  });
});  

输出

生成的输出如下 -

[ { DATA_TYPE: 'enum' } ]

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class Enum {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TUTORIALS";
      String username = "root";
      String password = "password";
      try {
         Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
         Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
         Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
         System.out.println("Connected successfully...!");
        //ENUM data types...!;
         String sql = "CREATE TABLE STUDENTS (ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL, BRANCH ENUM (\"CSE\", \"ECE\", \"MECH\"), FEES int NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID))";
         statement.execute(sql);
         System.out.println("column of a ENUM type created successfully...!");
         ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery("DESCRIBE STUDENTS");
         while (resultSet.next()){
            System.out.println(resultSet.getString(1)+" "+resultSet.getString(2));
         }
         connection.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         System.out.println(e);
      }
   }
}  

输出

获得的输出如下所示 -

Connected successfully...!
column of a ENUM type created successfully...!
ID int
NAME varchar(30)
BRANCH enum('CSE','ECE','MECH')
FEES int  

import mysql.connector
# 建立连接
connection = mysql.connector.connect(
    host='localhost',
    user='root',
    password='password',
    database='tut'
)
# 创建游标对象
cursorObj = connection.cursor()
# 创建带有枚举列的表
sql = '''
CREATE TABLE STUDENTS (
ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME varchar(30) NOT NULL,
BRANCH ENUM ('CSE', 'ECE', 'MECH'),
FEES int NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
'''
cursorObj.execute(sql)
print("The table is created successfully!")
# 需要插入的数据
data_to_insert = [
    ('Anirudh', 'CSE', 500000),
    ('Yuvan', 'ECE', 350000),
    ('Harris', 'MECH', 400000)
]
# 向创建的表中插入数据
insert_query = "INSERT INTO STUDENTS (NAME, BRANCH, FEES) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"
cursorObj.executemany(insert_query, data_to_insert)
# 插入操作后提交更改
connection.commit()
print("Rows inserted successfully.")
# 现在显示表记录
select_query = "SELECT * FROM STUDENTS"
cursorObj.execute(select_query)
result = cursorObj.fetchall()
print("Table Data:")
for row in result:
    print(row)
cursorObj.close()
connection.close()  

输出

以下是上述代码的输出 -

The table is created successfully!
Rows inserted successfully.
Table Data:
(1, 'Anirudh', 'CSE', 500000)
(2, 'Yuvan', 'ECE', 350000)
(3, 'Harris', 'MECH', 400000)