Google AMP - 基本语法

在本章中，我们将讨论开始使用 Google AMP 页面的基本要求。

示例 Amp 页面

下面显示了 amp 页面的基本示例 −

<!doctype html>
<html amp>
   <head>
      <meta charset = "utf-8">
      <title>Amp Sample Page</title>
      <link rel = "canonical" href = "./regular-html-version.html">
      <meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width,
      minimum-scale = 1,initial-scale = 1">
      <style amp-custom>
         h1 {color: red}
      </style>
      
      <style amp-boilerplate>
         body{
            -webkit-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-moz-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-ms-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both
         }
         @-webkit-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-moz-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-ms-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-o-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}
      </style>
      <noscript>
         <style amp-boilerplate>
            body{
               -webkit-animation:none;
               -moz-animation:none;
               -ms-animation:none;
               animation:none}
         </style>
      </noscript>
      <script async src = "https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0.js">
      </script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1>Amp Sample Page</h1>
      <p>
         <amp-img 
            src = "images/christmas1.jpg" 
            width = "300" 
            height = "300" 
            layout = "responsive">
         </amp-img>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

强制标签

amp 页面中必须包含一些强制标签。本节将详细讨论这些标签 −

• 我们必须确保将 amp 或 ⚡ 添加到 html 标签中，如下所示

<html amp>
   OR 
<html ⚡>

• 我们应该将 <head> 和 <body> 标签添加到 html 页面。

如果您遗漏任何必需的元标签，Amp 验证可能会失败。此处显示了一些必须添加到页面头部的必需 mets 标签 −

<meta charset="utf-8">
   <meta name  =  "viewport" 
      content = "width = device-width,
      minimum-scale = 1,
      initial-scale = 1">

• rel="canonical" 的链接将添加到 head 标签内

<link rel = "canonical" href = "./regular-html-version.html">

• 使用 amp-boilerplate 样式标签 −

<style amp-boilerplate>
   body{
     -webkit-animation:
      -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-moz-animation:
      -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-ms-animation:
      -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;animation:
      -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both
   }
   @-webkit-keyframes 
   -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-moz-keyframes 
   -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-ms-keyframes 
   -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-o-keyframes 
   -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@keyframes 
   -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}
</style>

• 带有 amp-boilerplate 的 Noscript 标签 −

<noscript>
   <style amp-boilerplate>
      body{
         -webkit-animation:none;
         -moz-animation:none;
         -ms-animation:none;
         animation:none}
   </style>
</noscript>

• 添加了 async 的 amp script 标签如下所示。这是所有标签中最重要的 −

<script async src = "https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0.js">
</script>

• 如果您想向页面添加自定义 css，则应使用此标签。请注意，我们无法在 amp 页面中调用外部样式表。要添加自定义 css，您的所有 css 都必须放在此处 −

<style amp-custom>
   //all your styles here
</style>

您可以在浏览器中使用页面 URL 末尾的 #developement=1 验证上述页面。

现在，让我们在浏览器中测试一下。我已在本地托管该页面并将其保存为 amppage.html。

要测试的上述 URL 是

http://localhost/googleamp/amppage.html#development=1

示例

<!doctype html>
<html amp>
   <head>
      <meta charset = "utf-8">
      <title>Amp Sample Page</title>
      <link rel = "canonical" href = "./regular-html-version.html">
      <meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width,
      minimum-scale = 1,initial-scale = 1">
      <style amp-custom>
         h1 {color: red}
      </style>
      <style amp-boilerplate>
         body{
            -webkit-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-moz-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;-ms-animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both;animation:
            -amp-start 8s steps(1,end) 0s 1 normal both
         }
         @-webkit-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-moz-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-ms-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@-o-keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}@keyframes 
         -amp-start{from{visibility:hidden}to{visibility:visible}}
      </style>
      <noscript>
         <style amp-boilerplate>
            body{
               -webkit-animation:none;
               -moz-animation:none;
               -ms-animation:none;
               animation:none}
         </style>
      </noscript>
      <script async src = "https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0.js">
      </script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1>Amp Sample Page</h1>
      <p>
         <amp-img 
            src = "images/christmas1.jpg" 
            width = "300" 
            height = "250" 
            layout = "responsive">
         </amp-img>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

输出

您可以在开发者控制台中看到 amp 验证状态，如下所示 −

由于我们已为有效 amp 页面添加了所有必需的强制标签，因此它显示 AMP 验证成功。